Small claims court handles money disputes without the cost or delay of regular civil court — unpaid debts, security deposit fights, contractor disputes, and property damage. Every state sets its own dollar limit and filing rules.
Most courts expect (and some require) proof that you asked to be paid before filing. A dated letter or message stating the amount owed and a deadline to pay creates the paper trail you'll need.
Small claims cases are usually filed where the defendant lives or does business, or where the dispute occurred — not automatically in your own county.
Filing fees are typically modest and often scale with the claim amount. Most courts also offer a fee waiver for filers who qualify financially.
The defendant must be formally notified under your state's service rules — certified mail, sheriff service, or a process server, depending on the jurisdiction. Improper service is the most common reason cases get delayed.
Bring copies of contracts, receipts, photos, and correspondence. Judges in small claims court weigh documentation heavily, since the rules of evidence are relaxed compared to regular civil court.
Dollar limits, court names, and filing notes that differ significantly from state to state.
No — small claims court is designed for people without legal representation, and many states restrict attorneys from appearing at all. You can still consult a lawyer beforehand to evaluate your case.
A judgment isn't automatic payment. Winning gives you the right to pursue collection — wage garnishment, a bank levy, or a property lien, depending on your state's collection rules — if the defendant still doesn't pay voluntarily.
The small claims dollar limit in your state is $2,500 to $25,000 depending on the state. Amounts above this must be filed in regular civil court, or reduced to fit the small claims cap.
Filing fees are typically small, generally in the $30–$100 range depending on the state and the size of the claim, with fee waivers often available for those who qualify.